Neanderthals drilled cavities to treat a toothache 59,000 years ago
Summary
Scientists found a Neanderthal tooth from 59,000 years ago that shows signs of early dental treatment. The hole in the tooth was likely drilled on purpose to remove infected tissue and reduce pain, making it the oldest known example of dentistry or medical care.Key Facts
- The tooth was found in Chagyrskaya Cave in southwestern Siberia, Russia.
- It is an upper third molar with a large hole reaching the tooth’s nerve chamber.
- Marks around the hole suggest it was intentionally drilled with a sharp stone tool.
- Researchers used advanced microscopes and chemical analysis to study the tooth.
- They recreated the drilling using stone tools on modern and old human teeth.
- The experimental drilling produced patterns matching those on the Neanderthal tooth.
- This discovery shows Neanderthals practiced a form of early medical treatment.
- Evidence of other Neanderthal care includes healed injuries found in fossils.
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