Norway becomes ninth country to come under French nuclear umbrella
Summary
Norway has joined France’s nuclear deterrence program, becoming the ninth European country to do so. This program allows participating countries to host French nuclear forces temporarily to strengthen security in Europe amid rising threats.Key Facts
- Norway and France signed a defense pact to join France’s nuclear deterrence scheme.
- France is the only nuclear-armed country in the European Union.
- The program allows French nuclear forces to be stationed temporarily in partner countries to increase deterrence.
- Before Norway, eight countries had joined: Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Greece, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
- The agreement also covers cooperation on hybrid warfare, maritime security, space, cybersecurity, support for Ukraine, and defense industry collaboration.
- France has about 290 nuclear warheads, making it the fourth-largest nuclear power globally.
- Most of France’s nuclear weapons are launched from submarines.
- Norway sees this pact as part of broader defense cooperation with European countries like Germany and the UK.
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