‘Super El Niño’ is officially here, scientists say. What can we expect?
Summary
El Niño, a weather pattern caused by warm ocean waters in the Pacific, has officially started this year, and scientists expect it to be one of the strongest in recent history. This event could lead to extreme weather like heavy rains, droughts, and higher global temperatures, affecting different regions in various ways.Key Facts
- El Niño happens when the ocean surface in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean warms up.
- This year’s El Niño is predicted to be a “super” event, with sea temperatures rising by at least 2°C (3.6°F).
- It is expected to peak in fall or winter and could be one of the biggest El Niños since 1950.
- El Niño changes wind and rain patterns, causing severe weather such as storms, droughts, and heat waves across the world.
- Past super El Niño events caused drought in Ethiopia, water shortages in Puerto Rico, and strong hurricanes in the Pacific.
- This year’s event might raise global temperatures to record levels, increasing the risk of climate-related disasters.
- El Niño is part of a cycle called ENSO (El Niño-Southern Oscillation), which includes La Niña (cooler ocean temperatures) and neutral conditions.
- Scientists use ENSO to help predict and prepare for future weather changes around the world.
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