Brexit 10 years on: What has changed in the UK explained in maps and charts
Summary
Ten years after the UK voted to leave the European Union in 2016, many promises made during the Brexit campaign have not been fulfilled. The UK economy has grown slower than the EU average, migration levels are still high, and the country faces challenges compared to other European nations.Key Facts
- On June 23, 2016, 51.9% of UK voters chose to leave the EU, while 48.1% voted to remain.
- England and Wales mostly voted to leave; Scotland and Northern Ireland mostly voted to remain.
- Britain joined the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1973 due to economic reasons but became skeptical about European integration over the years.
- Political pressure from conservative MPs and the rise of the UK Independence Party pushed Prime Minister David Cameron to call the referendum.
- After the Leave vote, Cameron resigned, Theresa May tried but failed to pass a withdrawal deal, and Boris Johnson completed Brexit in January 2020.
- Since the referendum, UK economic growth per person has been slower than the EU average, with a projected growth of only 1.3% per year through 2030.
- Trade barriers introduced by Brexit have contributed to the slower economic growth.
- Migration to the UK remains high despite government efforts to reduce it.
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