What are UV levels and how can you protect yourself?
Summary
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun helps our bodies make vitamin D but too much UV can harm our skin and eyes. High UV levels increase the risk of skin cancer, skin aging, and eye problems, so it is important to protect yourself using sunscreen, clothing, and shade, especially when UV levels are medium or higher.Key Facts
- UV radiation comes from the sun and helps produce vitamin D, important for bones and the immune system.
- Too much UV damages skin cell DNA, increasing the risk of skin cancer and causing skin aging.
- The UV Index measures UV strength on a scale from 0 to above 10; higher numbers mean more risk.
- In the UK, normal summer UV levels are around 5-6, with rare peaks up to 8; near the equator, UV levels can exceed 10 year-round.
- Sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher and good UVA protection is recommended, applied 30 minutes before sun exposure and reapplied every two hours or after swimming/sweating.
- Children need extra sun protection because their skin is more sensitive to UV damage.
- Additional protection includes wearing suitable clothes, sunglasses, and staying in the shade during peak sunlight hours (11am to 3pm).
- There is no safe way to tan from UV exposure; using self-tanning products is recommended instead.
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