Too hot for work: why extreme heat is a threat to Europe’s productivity
Summary
A recent heatwave across western Europe and the UK has caused difficult working conditions and lowered productivity, especially in sectors like construction and agriculture. Experts warn that as extreme heat becomes more common, it will significantly reduce economic growth unless countries improve buildings and infrastructure to handle higher temperatures.Key Facts
- June’s heatwave brought temperatures in the high 30s Celsius, making work tough in many industries.
- Heat affects about 27% of the UK economy and 35% of western Europe’s economy, including construction, agriculture, manufacturing, retail, and hospitality.
- A four-day heatwave can reduce quarterly productivity growth by up to 2 percentage points in parts of Europe.
- Agriculture and construction are expected to lose the most working hours due to heat by 2030.
- Research from Allianz found France, Spain, and Italy face the largest economic losses due to heat stress, with France potentially losing $240 billion by 2030.
- Economic losses rise sharply when temperatures pass 30°C because cooling costs increase and productivity drops.
- UK workplace laws require minimum office temperatures but have no maximum limit, relying on employers to keep workers at “reasonable” temperatures.
- Experts say extreme heat should be treated as a long-term economic and policy challenge, not just a summer issue.
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