Key Facts

• Arizona passed two laws in 2022 requiring proof of citizenship for voters registering with a state form and allowing removal of noncitizens from voter lists.
• Voters can still register with a federal form, which does not ask for citizenship proof. Those voters can only vote in federal elections but not for president or by mail in Arizona.
• Over 19,000 Arizonans were registered as “federal-only” voters without providing citizenship proof as of July 2023.
• The Democratic National Committee, Arizona Democrats, and nonprofits filed lawsuits against these laws, arguing they violate federal law (National Voter Registration Act) and a 2018 consent decree.
• Lower courts have stopped enforcement of these Arizona voting rules, including canceling registrations within 90 days of a federal election.
• The Supreme Court allowed Arizona to enforce the proof-of-citizenship rule for the state voter registration form but blocked proof-of-citizenship rules for presidential and mail voting.
• The Court will hear full arguments during its next term beginning in October 2024.
• Similar legal questions about voter roll cleanup have appeared in other states, like Virginia, where the Supreme Court allowed removal of alleged noncitizens close to the 2024 election.