UN experts report widespread peace deal violations in eastern Congo
Summary
A United Nations report found that all sides in the conflict in eastern Congo are breaking peace agreements and committing abuses. The Congolese army, M23 rebel group, and Rwanda have not followed a 2024 peace deal led by President Trump’s administration, and fighting and illegal mineral trade continue in the region.Key Facts
- The peace deal signed in December 2024 aimed to end the conflict in eastern Congo but has not been fully respected by any parties.
- The Congolese army still works with the FDLR, a Hutu rebel group linked to the 1994 Rwanda genocide, despite promises to stop.
- Rwanda supports the M23 rebels, controls significant territory in eastern Congo, and has not withdrawn its troops as agreed.
- M23 seized cities like Goma in 2024 and continues to try to overthrow Congo’s government.
- The U.N. describes the conflict as a long-lasting and serious humanitarian crisis.
- Congo filed a case against Rwanda at the International Court of Justice, blaming Rwanda for the violence.
- M23 smuggles minerals from Congo to Rwanda, building an economy controlled by Rwandan-linked companies.
- The U.S. imposed sanctions on a Rwanda-based gold refinery linked to M23 to support peace efforts.
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