Why Saudi Arabia holds the key to Palestinian statehood
Summary
Saudi Arabia has played a central role in efforts to create a Palestinian state and bring peace between Israelis and Palestinians for many decades. The kingdom supports a two-state solution where both Israel and Palestine exist peacefully, and it continues to influence regional diplomacy today.Key Facts
- The conflict between Israel and Palestine has lasted nearly 80 years with ongoing wars and peace efforts.
- Saudi Arabia co-sponsored the Global Alliance for the Implementation of the Two-State Solution in 2024, meeting in Rome.
- Saudi leaders since King Faisal have supported Palestinian self-determination as key to regional security.
- The Fahd Plan (1981) and the 2002 Arab Peace Initiative are formal Saudi proposals for peace based on Israeli withdrawal and Palestinian statehood.
- Saudi Arabia sees support for Palestine as part of its political and religious legitimacy as Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques.
- The Abraham Accords in 2020 normalized relations between Israel and some Arab countries but did not resolve the Palestinian issue.
- The United States views Saudi Arabia’s participation as crucial for a full regional peace process.
- Recent conflicts, such as the war in Gaza after October 7, have changed the diplomatic situation and created new peace efforts involving Saudi Arabia.
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