Why keeping youth discontent in check remains Indian PM Modi's biggest challenge
Summary
India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi faces a major challenge in managing the frustration of young people, who are unhappy with a poor education system and a lack of good jobs. Recent protests led to the resignation of the education minister, showing the urgency of fixing youth unemployment and education quality issues.Key Facts
- India's education minister Dharmendra Pradhan resigned after protests by young people over exam paper leaks.
- Prime Minister Modi set up fast-track courts to deal with those responsible and appointed tech leader Nandan Nilekani to reform exams.
- India has over 360 million people aged 15 to 29, the largest youth population in the world.
- Although more young people are attending college, many graduates struggle to find jobs, with unemployment among youth four times higher than older adults.
- Graduate unemployment has been around 35-40% for 25 years but worsened as more young people graduate without enough job growth.
- Quality of education remains low, and only a small percentage of graduates get permanent, well-paying jobs.
- Experts say India’s economy is not creating enough non-farming jobs, and wages have stayed mostly flat.
- The government has increased welfare programs like cash payments to help, but the overall problem is still big.
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