How a heat dome is formed and why experts blame one for Europe’s baking temperatures
Summary
Europe is experiencing an early heat wave caused by a heat dome, a weather pattern that traps hot air and humidity in one place. This has led to very high temperatures, especially in countries like France, Italy, Spain, and the UK, where many people are not used to such extreme heat.Key Facts
- A heat dome is a strong high-pressure area that stays in one place for several days, trapping heat.
- Heat domes form due to changes in the jet stream, a fast-moving wind high in the sky.
- As air sinks in a heat dome, it is compressed, which raises temperature and pressure.
- The heat dome causes the heat waves people feel on the ground.
- Millions of Europeans are currently facing unusually high temperatures.
- France is hardest hit, with half the country under a severe heat alert and about 40 deaths linked to people trying to cool off in water.
- Many European countries lack widespread air conditioning, making it harder to stay cool.
- Temperatures are expected to reach up to 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius) and break June temperature records.
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