Large genome models used to design new viruses
Summary
Researchers at Stanford University used large genome models, a type of AI trained on DNA sequences, to create new virus genomes that infect bacteria. These models generated virus DNA similar to known viruses but with unique features, raising consideration about future AI use in designing viruses that could affect more complex organisms.Key Facts
- Large genome models work like language models but predict DNA sequences instead of words.
- DNA has four bases: A, T, C, and G, which the AI uses to generate genetic codes.
- The researchers created two models called Evo 1 and Evo 2, trained without using virus sequences that infect complex cells to avoid risk.
- They tested the models by creating genomes of a virus named ΦX174, which infects E. coli bacteria.
- ΦX174 is well studied, has 11 genes, and a 5,400-base genome, making it a good test case.
- The AI-generated viruses showed new genetic features that might be hard to evolve naturally.
- Scientists warn about the future potential of AI to design viruses targeting animals with backbones, known as vertebrates.
- Using AI in genetic design opens new possibilities but also needs careful safety measures.
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