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‘Shocking and sobering’: UK bird populations fall to lowest level on record

‘Shocking and sobering’: UK bird populations fall to lowest level on record

Summary

Wild bird populations in the UK have dropped to their lowest levels since records began, with nearly half of native species in decline. Birds that live on farms and near the sea have been the hardest hit, mainly due to changes in farming practices and diseases like avian flu.

Key Facts

  • Between 1970 and 2025, the average population of 132 native UK bird species fell by 19%.
  • Farmland bird populations have decreased by 63% since 1970 and 12% since 2020.
  • Seabird populations have fallen more than 20% in the last five years, partly due to avian flu.
  • Species like turtle doves have declined by over 50% in five years and show little sign of recovery.
  • Some birds, like red kites and firecrests, have increased significantly in recent years.
  • Changes in farming, including more pesticides and the loss of hedgerows, are major reasons for bird declines.
  • Conservation efforts have helped some species recover, but experts say more funding and larger-scale action are needed.
  • Birds are important indicators of environmental health and their loss signals wider problems in nature.
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