How Israel’s separation wall compares with the Berlin Wall
Summary
Israel began building its planned 712-kilometre separation barrier in the occupied West Bank in 2002. Its route and associated checkpoints and permit rules restrict Palestinian access to communities, farmland and services; the International Court of Justice ruled the barrier illegal in 2004.Key Facts
- The planned route is 712 kilometres long, and about 456 kilometres had been built by April, according to the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
- About 85 percent of the route runs inside the West Bank rather than along the Green Line.
- The barrier includes concrete walls in some urban areas and fences, patrol roads, ditches and other security infrastructure elsewhere.
- More than 14,000 Palestinians live between the barrier and the Green Line in an area known as the Seam Zone.
- About 150 Palestinian communities have farmland in the Seam Zone, and access depends on permits, coordination with Israeli authorities and designated gates.
- About 62 agricultural gates run along the barrier; during the 2025 olive harvest, 74 percent opened on only a limited number of days.
- Palestinians have marked November 9 as an international day of action against the barrier since 2003.
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