How 'blood gold' is fuelling conflict in West Africa
Summary
The high price of gold in 2025 has increased demand, with significant gold production occurring in West Africa's Sahel region, which includes Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. These countries are using gold revenue to support their military governments and fight against insurgencies, with some gold industry activities involving Russian firms. However, there are concerns about human rights abuses linked to the military and mercenary groups involved in this conflict.Key Facts
- Gold prices have reached record highs in 2025, making it a valuable asset.
- Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger together produce about 230 tonnes of gold annually.
- Gold revenue supports the military governments in these countries, dealing with insurgencies and regional challenges.
- Russian companies are increasing their involvement in the gold industry of these countries.
- Mali is constructing a gold refinery with Russian involvement, which plans to create both direct and indirect jobs.
- Burkina Faso is also establishing its first gold refinery and has a state-owned mining company requiring foreign firms to share profits and skills.
- Reports of human rights abuses by the military and mercenary groups like the Wagner Group and its successor, Africa Corps, have come to light.
- A significant portion of these governments' budgets is focused on national security efforts against jihadist groups.
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